Vessels are essential components for the oil and gas refining industry. Pressure vessels are tanks used for fluid storage, projects, and so on. Pressure vessels can be designed manually (hand calculation) using formulas from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standards or through computer analysis. Here, the author uses computer analysis with PV Elite software and does not compare it with existing theories (Aziz, Hamid, & Hidayat, 2014).

According to Abdul Aziz in his research entitled Pressure Vessel Design (2014), vessels are important components for the oil and gas refining industry. Pressure vessels, or in engineering terms, are closed cylindrical tubes that contain internal and external pressure. The components of a pressure vessel consist of several main parts, such as the shell, vessel head, manhole, nozzles, supports, and other accessories.